---

name: orcaflex-extreme-analysis description: Extract extreme response values with linked statistics from OrcaFlex simulations. Use for design load identification, max/min extraction with associated values, and extreme event characterization. version: 1.0.0 updated: 2026-01-17 category: offshore-engineering triggers:

• extreme analysis
• max tension
• linked statistics
• extreme values
• design loads
• maximum response
• associated values
• peak extraction

---

OrcaFlex Extreme Analysis Skill

Extract extreme response values with linked statistics for design load identification and extreme event characterization.

Version Metadata

Copyversion: 1.0.0
python_min_version: '3.10'
dependencies:
  orcaflex-modeling: '>=2.0.0,<3.0.0'
  orcaflex-post-processing: '>=1.0.0,<2.0.0'
orcaflex_version: '>=11.0'
compatibility:
  tested_python:
  - '3.10'
  - '3.11'
  - '3.12'
  - '3.13'
  os:
  - Windows
  - Linux
  - macOS

Changelog

[1.0.0] - 2026-01-17

Added:

• Initial release with linked statistics extraction
• Max/min value extraction with timestamps
• Associated variable extraction at extremes
• Batch processing across multiple simulations

When to Use

• Extracting maximum/minimum values from simulations
• Identifying design loads for structural analysis
• Finding associated values at extreme events
• Characterizing vessel motions at peak tensions
• Riser curvature at maximum tension conditions
• Wave conditions at extreme responses
• Multi-variable correlation at extremes

Prerequisites

• OrcaFlex simulation results (.sim files)
• Python environment with digitalmodel package installed
• Knowledge of variables to extract (object names, variable names)

Key Concepts

Linked Statistics

Linked statistics capture what other variables were doing when a primary variable reached its extreme:

CopyAt time T_max when Line1.Tension = MAX:
  - Vessel.Heave = ?
  - Vessel.Pitch = ?
  - Line1.Curvature = ?
  - Wave.Elevation = ?

This enables understanding of the physical conditions that caused the extreme.

Extreme Types

Configuration

Basic Extreme Extraction

Copy# configs/extreme_analysis.yml

orcaflex:
  postprocess:
    linked_statistics:
      flag: true

      # Primary variable (extremes will be found for this)
      primary:
        object: "Mooring_Line_1"
        variable: "Effective Tension"

      # Linked variables (values at primary's extremes)
      linked:
        - object: "Vessel"
          variable: "Heave"
        - object: "Vessel"
          variable: "Pitch"
        - object: "Vessel"
          variable: "Roll"
        - object: "Vessel"
          variable: "X"

      # Statistics to extract
      statistics:
        - "Max"
        - "Min"
        - "TimeOfMax"
        - "TimeOfMin"
        - "LinkedValueAtMax"
        - "LinkedValueAtMin"

      output:
        format: csv
        directory: "results/extremes/"

Multi-Object Analysis

Copy# configs/extreme_multi_object.yml

orcaflex:
  postprocess:
    linked_statistics:
      flag: true

      # Analyze multiple primary objects
      groups:
        - name: "mooring_tensions"
          primaries:
            - object: "Leg_1"
              variable: "Effective Tension"
            - object: "Leg_2"
              variable: "Effective Tension"
            - object: "Leg_3"
              variable: "Effective Tension"
          linked:
            - object: "CALM_Buoy"
              variable: "X"
            - object: "CALM_Buoy"
              variable: "Y"

        - name: "vessel_motions"
          primaries:
            - object: "Tanker"
              variable: "Heave"
            - object: "Tanker"
              variable: "Pitch"
          linked:
            - object: "Hawser"
              variable: "Effective Tension"

      output:
        format: csv
        directory: "results/extremes/"
        separate_files: true

Python API

Basic Linked Statistics

Copyfrom digitalmodel.modules.orcaflex.opp_linkedstatistics import OPPLinkedStatistics

# Initialize extractor
extractor = OPPLinkedStatistics()

# Configure extraction
config = {
    "primary": {
        "object": "Mooring_Line_1",
        "variable": "Effective Tension"
    },
    "linked": [
        {"object": "Vessel", "variable": "Heave"},
        {"object": "Vessel", "variable": "Pitch"},
        {"object": "Vessel", "variable": "Roll"}
    ]
}

# Extract from simulation
results = extractor.extract_linked_statistics(
    sim_file="results/mooring_analysis.sim",
    config=config
)

# Access results
print(f"Max Tension: {results['Max']:.1f} kN")
print(f"Time of Max: {results['TimeOfMax']:.2f} s")
print(f"Heave at Max Tension: {results['LinkedValueAtMax']['Heave']:.2f} m")
print(f"Pitch at Max Tension: {results['LinkedValueAtMax']['Pitch']:.2f} deg")

Direct OrcFxAPI Usage

Copyimport OrcFxAPI
from pathlib import Path

def extract_extremes_with_linked(sim_file: str, config: dict) -> dict:
    """
    Extract extreme values with linked statistics.

    Args:
        sim_file: Path to .sim file
        config: Configuration dictionary

    Returns:
        Dictionary with extreme values and linked values
    """
    model = OrcFxAPI.Model(sim_file)

    # Get primary object
    primary_obj = model[config["primary"]["object"]]
    primary_var = config["primary"]["variable"]

    # Get time history
    time_history = primary_obj.TimeHistory(primary_var, period=None)
    times = primary_obj.SampleTimes(period=None)

    # Find extremes
    max_idx = time_history.argmax()
    min_idx = time_history.argmin()

    results = {
        "Max": float(time_history[max_idx]),
        "Min": float(time_history[min_idx]),
        "TimeOfMax": float(times[max_idx]),
        "TimeOfMin": float(times[min_idx]),
        "LinkedValueAtMax": {},
        "LinkedValueAtMin": {}
    }

    # Extract linked values at extreme times
    for linked_config in config["linked"]:
        linked_obj = model[linked_config["object"]]
        linked_var = linked_config["variable"]

        linked_history = linked_obj.TimeHistory(linked_var, period=None)

        results["LinkedValueAtMax"][linked_var] = float(linked_history[max_idx])
        results["LinkedValueAtMin"][linked_var] = float(linked_history[min_idx])

    return results

# Example usage
config = {
    "primary": {"object": "Line1", "variable": "Effective Tension"},
    "linked": [
        {"object": "Vessel", "variable": "Heave"},
        {"object": "Vessel", "variable": "Pitch"}
    ]
}

results = extract_extremes_with_linked("simulation.sim", config)

Batch Extreme Analysis

Copyfrom digitalmodel.modules.orcaflex.opp_linkedstatistics import OPPLinkedStatistics
from pathlib import Path
import pandas as pd

def batch_extreme_analysis(sim_directory: str, config: dict) -> pd.DataFrame:
    """
    Extract extremes from multiple simulations.
    """
    extractor = OPPLinkedStatistics()

    sim_files = list(Path(sim_directory).glob("*.sim"))
    all_results = []

    for sim_file in sim_files:
        try:
            results = extractor.extract_linked_statistics(
                sim_file=str(sim_file),
                config=config
            )

            results["file"] = sim_file.stem
            all_results.append(results)

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Error processing {sim_file}: {e}")

    # Convert to DataFrame
    df = pd.DataFrame(all_results)

    # Find overall extremes
    overall_max = df.loc[df["Max"].idxmax()]
    overall_min = df.loc[df["Min"].idxmin()]

    print(f"Overall Max: {overall_max['Max']:.1f} kN in {overall_max['file']}")
    print(f"Overall Min: {overall_min['Min']:.1f} kN in {overall_min['file']}")

    return df

# Run batch analysis
results_df = batch_extreme_analysis(
    sim_directory="results/.sim/",
    config=config
)
results_df.to_csv("extreme_summary.csv", index=False)

Range Graph Extremes

Copyfrom digitalmodel.modules.orcaflex.opp_range_graph import OPPRangeGraph

# Extract range graph (min/max/mean along arc length)
range_extractor = OPPRangeGraph()

config = {
    "object": "Riser",
    "variables": ["Effective Tension", "Curvature", "Bend Moment"],
    "arc_length_range": [0, 1500]  # meters
}

range_data = range_extractor.extract_range_graph(
    sim_file="riser_analysis.sim",
    config=config
)

# Find critical location
max_curvature_idx = range_data["Curvature"]["Max"].argmax()
critical_arc_length = range_data["arc_length"][max_curvature_idx]

print(f"Maximum curvature at arc length: {critical_arc_length:.1f} m")
print(f"Curvature value: {range_data['Curvature']['Max'][max_curvature_idx]:.6f} 1/m")

Output Formats

Linked Statistics CSV

CopyFile,Primary_Object,Primary_Variable,Max,Min,TimeOfMax,TimeOfMin,Heave_AtMax,Pitch_AtMax,Roll_AtMax,Heave_AtMin,Pitch_AtMin,Roll_AtMin
case_001,Mooring_Line_1,Effective Tension,2450.5,320.1,1823.4,2156.7,3.2,-1.5,0.8,-2.1,0.9,-0.3
case_002,Mooring_Line_1,Effective Tension,2380.2,345.6,1567.2,1890.3,2.8,-1.2,0.5,-1.8,0.7,-0.2

Extreme Summary Report

Copy{
  "simulation": "mooring_100yr.sim",
  "primary": {
    "object": "Mooring_Line_1",
    "variable": "Effective Tension",
    "units": "kN"
  },
  "extremes": {
    "maximum": {
      "value": 2450.5,
      "time": 1823.4,
      "linked_values": {
        "Vessel.Heave": 3.2,
        "Vessel.Pitch": -1.5,
        "Vessel.Roll": 0.8
      }
    },
    "minimum": {
      "value": 320.1,
      "time": 2156.7,
      "linked_values": {
        "Vessel.Heave": -2.1,
        "Vessel.Pitch": 0.9,
        "Vessel.Roll": -0.3
      }
    }
  }
}

Common Use Cases

1. Design Load Identification

Copy# Find maximum tension for structural design
config = {
    "primary": {"object": "Riser", "variable": "Wall Tension"},
    "linked": [
        {"object": "Riser", "variable": "Curvature"},
        {"object": "Riser", "variable": "Bend Moment"}
    ]
}

results = extractor.extract_linked_statistics(sim_file, config)
design_tension = results["Max"] * 1.1  # Add 10% margin

2. VIV Characterization

Copy# Characterize conditions at maximum amplitude
config = {
    "primary": {"object": "Riser", "variable": "Max Amplitude"},
    "linked": [
        {"object": "Environment", "variable": "Current Velocity"},
        {"object": "Riser", "variable": "Inline Frequency"}
    ]
}

3. Mooring Load Case

Copy# Extract design load case for mooring
config = {
    "primary": {"object": "Hawser", "variable": "Effective Tension"},
    "linked": [
        {"object": "Tanker", "variable": "X"},
        {"object": "Tanker", "variable": "Y"},
        {"object": "Tanker", "variable": "Heading"}
    ]
}

# Results define the design load case

Best Practices

Variable Selection

1. Primary variable - Choose the most critical response
2. Linked variables - Include relevant causative factors
3. Physical correlation - Select variables that explain the extreme

Time Range

1. Exclude ramp-up - Skip initial transient period
2. Statistical period - Use 3-hour simulation for design
3. Multiple seeds - Consider seed variability

Reporting

1. Context - Include simulation parameters
2. Units - Always specify units
3. Uncertainty - Note seed sensitivity if applicable

Error Handling

Copytry:
    results = extractor.extract_linked_statistics(sim_file, config)
except OrcFxAPI.OrcaFlexError as e:
    print(f"OrcaFlex error: {e}")
    print("Check object names and variable specifications")

except FileNotFoundError:
    print("Simulation file not found")

Related Skills

• orcaflex-post-processing - General post-processing
• orcaflex-operability - Multi-sea-state analysis
• orcaflex-results-comparison - Compare multiple results
• fatigue-analysis - Fatigue from time histories

References

• OrcaFlex Results: Linked Statistics
• OrcFxAPI Documentation
• Source: src/digitalmodel/modules/orcaflex/opp_linkedstatistics.py
• Source: src/digitalmodel/modules/orcaflex/opp_range_graph.py