---

name: creating-commands description: Create effective Claude Code custom commands for workflow automation. Use when creating new custom commands, understanding YAML frontmatter structure (description, allowed-tools, argument-hint, model, disable-model-invocation), designing argument patterns ($ARGUMENTS vs $1/$2/$3), integrating Bash execution (!prefix) and file references (@prefix), or troubleshooting command issues.

Custom Commands Creator

This skill provides comprehensive guidance for creating effective custom slash commands that automate workflows in Claude Code projects.

When to Use This Skill

• Creating new custom commands from scratch
• Understanding YAML frontmatter structure and all available fields
• Designing argument patterns ($ARGUMENTS vs positional arguments)
• Integrating Bash command execution (! prefix)
• Using file references (@ prefix) in commands
• Organizing commands with subdirectory structures
• Troubleshooting command invocation or argument issues
• Designing team-shareable commands for project workflows

What Are Custom Commands?

Custom commands are user-defined slash commands (starting with /) that extend Claude Code's built-in functionality. They are defined as Markdown files with optional YAML frontmatter and enable workflow automation through:

• Direct invocation via /command-name syntax
• Dynamic argument handling
• Pre-execution Bash integration
• File content inclusion
• Tool access control

Difference from Skills

File Placement and Priority

Project-Level (Recommended)

Copyyour-project/.claude/commands/
├── fix-errors.md
├── deploy.md
└── kiro/
    ├── spec-init.md
    ├── spec-tasks.md
    └── steering.md

Benefits:

• Shared with entire team via git
• Project-specific workflow automation
• CI/CD pipeline compatible
• Consistent team workflows

User-Level

Copy~/.claude/commands/
├── personal-notes.md
└── template-generator.md

Benefits:

• Available across all projects
• Personal workflow optimization

Priority: Project-level > User-level (project commands override user commands with the same name)

Complete YAML Frontmatter Reference

Required Fields

description (Quasi-Required)

Command description shown in autocomplete and command listings.

Rules:

• Maximum 1024 characters
• Should clearly explain what the command does
• Shown when user types / to see available commands
• If omitted, first line of command body is used

Example:

Copydescription: Fix errors found by npm run check:all (lint, format, typecheck, tests)

Optional Fields

allowed-tools (Optional)

Restricts which tools the command can invoke.

Specification:

• カンマ区切りの1行形式で記述
• 重要: 指定したツールはユーザー確認なしで自動的に許可される
• Bash コマンドはワイルドカードパターンで細かく制御可能
• If omitted, inherits all tools from conversation context

Example:

Copy# Read-only command
allowed-tools: Read, Grep, Glob

# Full project modification
allowed-tools: Read, Write, Edit, Bash, Glob, Grep

# Bash コマンドの細かい制御（ワイルドカード対応）
allowed-tools: Bash(git add:*), Bash(git status:*), Bash(git commit:*), Read

Bash コマンドの自動実行について:

• allowed-tools で Bash を指定すると、コマンド実行時にユーザー確認をスキップして自動実行される
• Bash(git:*) のようにワイルドカードを使用すると、git で始まるすべてのコマンドを許可
• Bash(npm install:*) のように特定のコマンドのみを許可することも可能
• これにより、スラッシュコマンド起動時に即座に Bash コマンドを実行できる

Best Practices:

• Grant minimum necessary tools for security
• Read-only tasks: Read, Grep, Glob
• File modification: Add Write, Edit
• System commands: Carefully add Bash with specific patterns (e.g., Bash(git:*))

argument-hint (Optional)

Shows expected argument format during autocomplete.

Format: Plain text hint shown next to command name

Example:

Copyargument-hint: <feature-name>
argument-hint: <feature-name> [-y]
argument-hint: <file-path> [--force]

Display: User sees /command-name <feature-name> in autocomplete

model (Optional) - 基本的に指定しないことを推奨

Specifies which Claude model to use for this command.

推奨: モデルは基本的に指定せず、会話のモデル設定を継承させることを推奨します。これにより、ユーザーが選択したモデルで一貫した体験が得られます。

Available Models:

• (未指定): 会話のモデル設定を継承 ← 推奨
• sonnet: Balanced performance
• opus: Highest quality, complex tasks
• haiku: Fastest, simple tasks

Example:

Copy# 推奨: model フィールドを省略（会話のモデルを継承）
---
description: Fix errors from quality checks
allowed-tools: Bash, Read, Write
---

# 特別な理由がある場合のみ指定
model: haiku     # 非常にシンプルなタスク限定

disable-model-invocation (Optional)

Prevents AI from automatically invoking this command.

Use Cases:

• Commands that should only be manually triggered
• Debugging or administrative commands
• Commands with destructive actions

Example:

Copydisable-model-invocation: true

Argument Patterns

Pattern 1: All Arguments ($ARGUMENTS)

Captures everything passed to the command as a single string.

When to Use:

• Free-form text input (descriptions, queries)
• Variable-length input
• Single conceptual input that may contain spaces

Example:

Copy---
description: Initialize a new specification with detailed project description
argument-hint: <project-description>
---

# Spec Initialization

Initialize a new specification based on the provided project description:

**Project Description**: $ARGUMENTS

## Task: Initialize Specification Structure
...

Invocation: /kiro:spec-init Create a user authentication system with email/password login

• $ARGUMENTS = "Create a user authentication system with email/password login"

Pattern 2: Positional Arguments ($1, $2, $3...)

Shell-script style positional argument access.

When to Use:

• Multiple distinct parameters
• Optional parameters with defaults
• Flag detection (-y, --force, etc.)
• Need to process arguments individually

Example:

Copy---
description: Generate implementation tasks for a specification
argument-hint: <feature-name> [-y]
---

# Implementation Tasks

Generate detailed implementation tasks for feature: **$1**

## Prerequisites & Context Loading
- If invoked with `-y` flag ($2 == "-y"): Auto-approve requirements and design
- Otherwise: Stop if requirements/design missing
...

Invocation: /kiro:spec-tasks auth-system -y

• $1 = "auth-system"
• $2 = "-y"
• $3 = "" (empty)

Pattern 3: No Arguments

Simple execution commands that don't require input.

When to Use:

• Fixed workflow execution
• Project-wide checks
• Automated fix commands

Example:

Copy---
description: Fix errors found by npm run check:all (lint, format, typecheck, tests)
---

## Workflow

1. **Run full quality check to identify all issues**
   ```bash
   npm run check:all

...

Copy
**Invocation**: `/fix-errors` (no arguments)

## Bash Integration

### Pre-Execution Bash (`!` prefix)

Execute bash commands **before** the slash command runs, injecting results into the prompt.

**Syntax**: Lines starting with exclamation mark followed by command in backticks

**Use Cases**:
- Gather context (git status, file existence checks)
- Dynamic condition evaluation
- Project state inspection

**Requirements**:
- Must specify `allowed-tools` including relevant bash commands
- Commands run in project directory
- Output captured and provided to Claude

**Example**:
```yaml
---
description: Create or update Kiro steering documents
allowed-tools: Bash, Read, Write, Edit
---

## Existing Files Check

### Current steering documents status
- Product overview: !`[ -f ".kiro/steering/product.md" ] && echo "✅ EXISTS" || echo "📝 Not found"`
- Technology stack: !`[ -f ".kiro/steering/tech.md" ] && echo "✅ EXISTS" || echo "📝 Not found"`

## Project Analysis

### Current Project State
- Recent changes: !`git log --oneline --max-count=20`
- Working tree: !`git status --porcelain`

Advanced Pattern: Multi-line bash with variable capture

Copy- Last update: !`LAST_COMMIT=$(git log -1 --format=%H -- .kiro/steering/); if [ -n "$LAST_COMMIT" ]; then git log --oneline ${LAST_COMMIT}..HEAD; else echo "No previous update"; fi`

File References (@ prefix)

Include file contents directly in the command prompt.

Syntax: @ followed by file path (absolute or relative)

Use Cases:

• Load configuration files
• Reference documentation
• Include existing code for context

Example:

Copy---
description: Create or update steering documents
---

## Context Loading

### Existing Documentation
- Main README: @README.md
- Package configuration: @package.json
- TypeScript config: @tsconfig.json
- Core steering: @.kiro/steering/product.md
- Custom steering: @.kiro/steering/tech.md

Benefits:

• No need for explicit Read tool calls
• Cleaner command structure
• Direct context inclusion

Command Creation Step-by-Step

Step 1: Define Purpose and Scope

Questions:

1. What does this command do? (single responsibility)
2. What arguments does it need?
3. Which tools are required? (minimum privilege)
4. Who uses it? (personal or team)

Example:

• Purpose: Automate error fixing workflow
• Scope: Run checks, auto-fix what's possible, report remaining issues
• Arguments: None (fixed workflow)
• Tools: Bash (for running npm scripts)
• Target: Team (project-level)

Step 2: Create File

Project-level:

Copy# In project directory
mkdir -p .claude/commands
touch .claude/commands/your-command.md

For grouped commands:

Copymkdir -p .claude/commands/group-name
touch .claude/commands/group-name/your-command.md

User-level:

Copymkdir -p ~/.claude/commands
touch ~/.claude/commands/your-command.md

Note: Command name is derived from filename without .md extension. Subdirectories are for organization only and don't affect the command name.

Step 3: Write YAML Frontmatter

Template:

Copy---
description: [What it does in 1-2 sentences]
allowed-tools: [Tool1, Tool2, Tool3]
argument-hint: [<arg-format>]
model: sonnet
---

Important: Choose appropriate argument pattern based on your needs:

• No arguments: Omit argument-hint
• Single free-form input: Use $ARGUMENTS
• Multiple parameters or flags: Use $1, $2, $3...

Step 4: Write Command Body

Structure:

Copy---
[YAML frontmatter]
---

# Command Title

Brief command overview.

## Context Loading (if using ! or @)
- File existence: !`[ -f "file.md" ] && echo "EXISTS" || echo "NOT FOUND"`
- Documentation: @README.md

## Task: [Primary Task Description]

### Workflow
1. Step 1
2. Step 2
3. Step 3

### Success Criteria
- Criterion 1
- Criterion 2

Best Practices:

• Use clear headers for organization
• Include code blocks for examples
• Specify success criteria
• Document expected behavior

Step 5: Test

Testing Methods:

1. Basic invocation: /your-command (check if command appears)
2. Argument passing: /your-command arg1 arg2 (verify argument capture)
3. Expected behavior: Verify Claude performs described tasks
4. Tool restrictions: Ensure only allowed tools are used

Debugging:

• Check if command appears in autocomplete (/ to list all commands)
• Verify frontmatter YAML syntax (no tabs, proper indentation)
• Test argument patterns with simple echo commands first

Best Practices

1. Single Responsibility Principle

✅ Good Example:

Copy---
description: Fix errors found by npm run check:all (lint, format, typecheck, tests)
---

Clear, focused purpose: error fixing workflow

❌ Bad Example:

Copy---
description: Fix errors, deploy app, update docs, and run tests
---

Too many responsibilities - split into multiple commands

2. Clear Argument Design

✅ Good Example:

Copy---
argument-hint: <feature-name> [-y]
---

Feature: **$1**
Auto-approve: $2 == "-y"

❌ Bad Example:

Copy---
argument-hint: <args>
---

Arguments: $ARGUMENTS

Unclear what arguments are expected

3. Minimum Tool Privilege

✅ Good Example:

Copy# Validation command (read-only)
allowed-tools: Read, Grep, Glob

# Fix command (modification needed)
allowed-tools: Read, Write, Edit, Bash

❌ Bad Example:

Copy# Everything granted unnecessarily
allowed-tools: Read, Write, Edit, Bash, Grep, Glob, WebFetch, WebSearch

4. Documentation and Examples

✅ Good Example:

Copy## Usage Examples

**Basic invocation**:

/kiro:spec-init Create user authentication feature

Copy
**With auto-approve**:

/kiro:spec-tasks auth-feature -y

Copy

5. Subdirectory Organization

Good Structure:

Copy.claude/commands/
├── fix-errors.md          # General utility
├── kiro/                  # Grouped by feature
│   ├── spec-init.md
│   ├── spec-design.md
│   ├── spec-tasks.md
│   └── spec-impl.md
└── deploy/                # Grouped by category
    ├── staging.md
    └── production.md

Benefits:

• Clear command categorization
• Easier to find related commands
• Prevents command name collisions
• Better team organization

Troubleshooting

Problem: Command Not Appearing

Cause 1: Invalid filename

Copy# ❌ Bad - uppercase, special characters
Fix_Errors.md
fix errors.md

# ✅ Good - lowercase, hyphens
fix-errors.md

Cause 2: Invalid YAML syntax

Copy# ❌ Bad - tabs used
---
description:	Fix errors
---

# ✅ Good - spaces used
---
description: Fix errors
---

Cause 3: Wrong directory

• Ensure file is in .claude/commands/ (project) or ~/.claude/commands/ (user)
• Check file has .md extension

Problem: Arguments Not Passing Correctly

Cause 1: Using $ARGUMENTS when $1 intended

Copy# ❌ Bad - will capture "feature-name -y" as single string
Feature: $ARGUMENTS

# ✅ Good - separate parameters
Feature: $1
Flag: $2

Cause 2: Missing space after $

Copy# ❌ Bad - not recognized
Feature: $1Description: $2

# ✅ Good - proper spacing
Feature: $1
Description: $2

Problem: Bash Commands Not Executing

Cause 1: Missing allowed-tools

Copy# ❌ Bad - Bash not allowed
---
description: Check git status
---

Status: !`git status`

# ✅ Good - Bash explicitly allowed
---
description: Check git status
allowed-tools: Bash, Read
---

Status: !`git status`

Cause 2: Invalid bash syntax

Copy# ❌ Bad - unbalanced quotes
!`echo "test`

# ✅ Good - balanced quotes
!`echo "test"`

Problem: File References Not Working

Cause: Incorrect path

Copy# ❌ Bad - absolute path when file doesn't exist
@/Users/username/project/README.md

# ✅ Good - relative path from project root
@README.md
@.kiro/steering/tech.md

Reference Documentation

Deep Dive Guides

1. command-structure-guide.md:

   • 3 basic command patterns
   • Pattern selection flowchart
   • Complete templates

2. frontmatter-fields-guide.md:

   • Detailed field explanations
   • Impact on command behavior
   • Field combination strategies

3. argument-patterns.md:

   • $ARGUMENTS vs positional comparison
   • Flag detection techniques
   • Bash integration best practices
   • Conditional logic patterns

4. real-world-examples.md:

   • 4 complete examples from real projects
   • Pattern analysis and rationale
   • Lessons learned from each

Team Collaboration

Sharing Project-Level Commands

Copy# 1. Create command file
.claude/commands/your-command.md

# 2. Commit to git
git add .claude/commands/your-command.md
git commit -m "feat: add /your-command for [purpose]"
git push

# 3. Team members pull
git pull
# → Automatically available to entire team

Documentation

Copy# Add to project README.md

## Claude Code Custom Commands

This project provides the following custom commands:

- **/fix-errors**: Run quality checks and auto-fix issues
- **/kiro:spec-init <description>**: Initialize new specification
- **/kiro:spec-tasks <feature> [-y]**: Generate implementation tasks

Naming Conventions

Establish consistent naming within teams:

• [category]-[action]: git-commit, test-run
• [feature]:[action]: kiro:spec-init, deploy:staging
• [action]-[target]: fix-errors, update-deps

Review Process

Review custom commands like code:

• Clear description and argument hints
• Appropriate tool restrictions
• Well-documented workflow
• Tested invocation patterns

Quick Reference

Minimal Command

Copy---
description: Does X when Y.
---

Brief command overview.

1. Do A
2. Do B
3. Do C

Recommended Command

Copy---
description: Expert in X for Y and Z. Use when working with A, B, or C scenarios.
allowed-tools: Read, Write, Edit, Bash
argument-hint: <required-arg> [optional-flag]
model: sonnet
---

# Command Title

## Context Loading
- File check: !`[ -f "file.md" ] && echo "EXISTS" || echo "NOT FOUND"`
- Documentation: @README.md

## Task: Primary Task

### Workflow
1. Step 1
2. Step 2

### Success Criteria
- Criterion 1
- Criterion 2

Complete Command

Copy---
description: Comprehensive description with clear use cases and expected behavior.
allowed-tools: Read, Write, Edit, Bash, Grep, Glob
argument-hint: <feature-name> [-y] [--force]
model: sonnet
disable-model-invocation: false
---

[Detailed command body - see real-world-examples.md for steering.md example]

---

Use this skill to create effective custom commands that automate your project workflows!