SKILL.md

name: database-observability description: "Instrument database queries, connection pools, and detect N+1 queries" triggers:

"instrument database"
"trace queries"
"database metrics"
"connection pool monitoring"
"slow query detection" priority: 2

Database Observability

Database is often the bottleneck. Track queries, pools, and patterns.

Query Span Attributes

Attribute	Example	Required
`db.system`	postgresql, mysql	Yes
`db.operation`	SELECT, INSERT	Yes
`db.name`	orders_db	Yes
`db.sql.table`	users	Recommended
`db.statement`	SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?	Parameterized only!

Connection Pool Metrics (USE)

Metric	Type	Description
`db.connections.active`	Gauge	In use
`db.connections.idle`	Gauge	Available
`db.connections.max`	Gauge	Pool limit
`db.connections.wait_count`	Counter	Had to wait
`db.connections.wait_duration`	Histogram	Wait time

Issues to Detect

Issue	Detection	Fix
N+1 queries	>10 identical queries per request	Use eager loading
Slow queries	Duration > p95 threshold	Add indexes, optimize
Pool exhaustion	wait_count increasing	Increase pool, fix leaks

Query Wrapper Pattern

Before: Start span (db.system, db.operation, db.sql.table), start timer
After:  Record duration, set db.rows_affected, record errors, end span

Pool Monitor Pattern

Every 10s: Record active, idle, wait_count, wait_duration from pool stats

Anti-Patterns

Full SQL with values → PII risk, use parameterized only
No pool metrics → Can't detect saturation
Missing slow query alerts → Problems go unnoticed

References

references/methodology/use-methodology.md
references/platforms/{platform}/database.md

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Total Score

70/100

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