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name: debugging description: Systematic debugging methodologies for hard bugs. Covers rubber ducking, code tracing, hypothesis testing, logging strategies. Use when stuck on bugs that resist quick fixes. user-invocable: false

Debugging Hard Bugs

Rubber Ducking

Quote code snippets and explain what each chunk should do vs actually does. Don't assume—verbalize the logic. Discrepancies reveal bugs.

Code Flow Tracing

Trace data from entry point to failure. At each transformation: what goes in, what comes out? Mark where expectations diverge.

Failure-prone boundaries: async, serialization, type coercion, null propagation, state mutations.

Hypothesis Testing

1. List 3-5 possible causes
2. List 3-5 assumptions you're making
3. Test to eliminate possibilities
4. Repeat until one remains

Don't change code hoping it helps—that creates noise.

Logging

Log at decision points and async boundaries, not everywhere.

Workflow:

1. Add targeted logs
2. Have user perform action and report output
3. Diagnose and fix
4. After user confirms fix works: remove all added logging

Agent Investigation

For complex/unfamiliar code sections acting as a blackbox:

• Spawn an Explore agent to trace a specific code path and report back
• Run agents in background while continuing other investigation

When stuck: Spawn 2-3 senior-advisor agents in parallel with different perspectives (pragmatist, architect, skeptic).

Avoid biasing agents: Pass them relevant file paths and the observed behavior, but not your hypotheses or assumptions. Let them form independent conclusions.

Before Fixing

• Identified exact failing line(s)?
• Understand why it fails?

If no, keep investigating.

Related

• Frontend Debugging