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name: systematic-debugging description: Use when encountering any bug, test failure, or unexpected behavior, before proposing fixes

Systematic Debugging

Core principle: ALWAYS find root cause before attempting fixes.

CopyNO FIXES WITHOUT ROOT CAUSE INVESTIGATION FIRST

The Four Phases

Phase 1: Root Cause Investigation

BEFORE attempting ANY fix:

1. Read Error Messages Carefully - Stack traces, line numbers, error codes
2. Reproduce Consistently - Exact steps, every time?
3. Check Recent Changes - Git diff, new deps, config changes
4. Gather Evidence in Multi-Component Systems - Log data at each component boundary, run once, analyze WHERE it breaks

Phase 2: Pattern Analysis

1. Find Working Examples - Similar working code in same codebase
2. Compare Against References - Read reference implementation COMPLETELY
3. Identify Differences - List every difference, however small

Phase 3: Hypothesis and Testing

1. Form Single Hypothesis - "I think X is the root cause because Y"
2. Test Minimally - SMALLEST possible change, one variable at a time
3. Verify Before Continuing - Didn't work? Form NEW hypothesis, don't stack fixes

Phase 4: Implementation

1. Create Failing Test Case - MUST have before fixing
2. Implement Single Fix - ONE change at a time, no "while I'm here" improvements
3. Verify Fix - Test passes? No other tests broken?
4. If 3+ Fixes Failed - STOP. Question the architecture, discuss with human partner

Red Flags - STOP and Return to Phase 1

• "Quick fix for now, investigate later"
• "Just try changing X and see if it works"
• "I don't fully understand but this might work"
• Proposing solutions before tracing data flow
• Each fix reveals new problem in different place

Quick Reference