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name: risk-of-bias description: "Assess risk of bias in research studies for systematic reviews. Use when: (1) Conducting systematic reviews, (2) Evaluating study quality, (3) GRADE assessments, (4) Meta-analysis planning." allowed-tools: Read, Write version: 1.0.0

Risk of Bias Assessment Skill

Purpose

Systematically evaluate methodological quality and potential biases in research studies.

Tools by Study Design

RCTs: Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) Non-randomized: ROBINS-I Diagnostic Studies: QUADAS-2 Prognostic Studies: QUIPS

RoB 2 Domains

1. Randomization Process

   • Adequate sequence generation?
   • Allocation concealment?

2. Deviations from Interventions

   • Blinding effective?
   • Adherence to protocol?

3. Missing Outcome Data

   • Complete data?
   • Appropriate handling?

4. Outcome Measurement

   • Blinded assessment?
   • Validated measures?

5. Selective Reporting

   • All outcomes reported?
   • Pre-registered?

Risk Levels

• Low: Minimal bias
• Some concerns: Potential bias
• High: Serious bias likely

Integration

Use with literature-reviewer agent for systematic quality assessment of included studies.

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Version: 1.0.0